Being owed money? Describe your situation and get instant plain English guidance on whether small claims court is right for you and how the process works.
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What you need to know
The small claims track is part of the county court system in England and Wales designed to resolve straightforward money disputes without the need for a solicitor. Claims up to £10,000 can be heard on the small claims track. The process is less formal than other court proceedings and costs are kept low — losing parties rarely have to pay the winner's legal costs.
Before starting a small claims claim you must send a formal Letter Before Action (LBA) giving the other party a reasonable opportunity to respond — typically 14 days. Failure to do this can result in the court imposing a costs penalty. The LBA should clearly state what is owed, why it is owed, and what will happen if no response is received.
There is a fee to issue a small claims court claim. For claims up to £300 the fee is £35. For claims of £300 to £500 it is £50. For £500 to £1,000 it is £70. For £1,000 to £1,500 it is £80. For £1,500 to £3,000 it is £115. For £3,000 to £5,000 it is £205. For £5,000 to £10,000 it is £455. These fees are added to your claim and recovered from the defendant if you win.
The court may refer your case to free telephone mediation before the hearing. This is strongly recommended — many cases settle through mediation, saving the time and stress of a hearing. Refusing mediation without good reason can result in a costs penalty even on the small claims track.
Small claims hearings are informal. They take place in a judge's room rather than a formal courtroom. Both parties present their case and the judge may ask questions. You do not need legal representation. Bring all your evidence — contracts, receipts, photos, correspondence, and any estimates for repair work.
Winning a small claims case does not guarantee payment. If the defendant refuses to pay you may need to take enforcement action. Options include a warrant of control (county court bailiffs), an attachment of earnings order, a third party debt order, or a charging order on property. Each has different costs and processes.
This guidance is for general information only and does not constitute legal advice. Always verify current figures and legislation on GOV.UK or seek professional advice for your specific situation.